379 lines
6.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
379 lines
6.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
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.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_CN.rst
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:Original: Documentation/core-api/kernel-api.rst
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:翻译:
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司延腾 Yanteng Si <siyanteng@loongson.cn>
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周彬彬 Binbin Zhou <zhoubinbin@loongson.cn>
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.. _cn_kernel-api.rst:
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============
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Linux内核API
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============
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列表管理函数
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============
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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include/linux/list.h
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基本的C库函数
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=============
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在编写驱动程序时，一般不能使用C库中的例程。部分函数通常很有用，它们在
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下面被列出。这些函数的行为可能会与ANSI定义的略有不同，这些偏差会在文中
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注明。
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字符串转换
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----------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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lib/vsprintf.c
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include/linux/kernel.h
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include/linux/kernel.h
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lib/kstrtox.c
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lib/string_helpers.c
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字符串处理
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----------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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include/linux/fortify-string.h
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lib/string.c
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include/linux/string.h
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mm/util.c
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基本的内核库函数
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================
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Linux内核提供了很多实用的基本函数。
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位运算
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------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-atomic.h
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include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h
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include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-lock.h
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位图运算
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--------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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lib/bitmap.c
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include/linux/bitmap.h
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include/linux/bitmap.h
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include/linux/bitmap.h
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lib/bitmap.c
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lib/bitmap.c
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include/linux/bitmap.h
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命令行解析
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----------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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lib/cmdline.c
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排序
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----
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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lib/sort.c
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lib/list_sort.c
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文本检索
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--------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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lib/textsearch.c
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lib/textsearch.c
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include/linux/textsearch.h
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Linux中的CRC和数学函数
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======================
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算术溢出检查
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------------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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include/linux/overflow.h
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CRC函数
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-------
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*译注：CRC，Cyclic Redundancy Check，循环冗余校验*
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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lib/crc4.c
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lib/crc7.c
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lib/crc8.c
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lib/crc16.c
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lib/crc32.c
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lib/crc-ccitt.c
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lib/crc-itu-t.c
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基数为2的对数和幂函数
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---------------------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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include/linux/log2.h
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整数幂函数
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----------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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lib/math/int_pow.c
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lib/math/int_sqrt.c
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除法函数
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--------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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include/asm-generic/div64.h
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include/linux/math64.h
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lib/math/gcd.c
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UUID/GUID
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---------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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lib/uuid.c
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内核IPC设备
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===========
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IPC实用程序
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-----------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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ipc/util.c
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FIFO 缓冲区
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===========
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kfifo接口
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---------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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include/linux/kfifo.h
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转发接口支持
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============
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转发接口支持旨在为工具和设备提供一种有效的机制，将大量数据从内核空间
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转发到用户空间。
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转发接口
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--------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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kernel/relay.c
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kernel/relay.c
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模块支持
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========
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模块加载
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--------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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kernel/kmod.c
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模块接口支持
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------------
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更多信息请参阅kernel/module/目录下的文件。
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硬件接口
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========
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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kernel/dma.c
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资源管理
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--------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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kernel/resource.c
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kernel/resource.c
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MTRR处理
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--------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/mtrr.c
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安全框架
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========
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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security/security.c
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security/inode.c
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审计接口
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========
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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kernel/audit.c
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kernel/auditsc.c
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kernel/auditfilter.c
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核算框架
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========
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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kernel/acct.c
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块设备
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======
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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include/linux/bio.h
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block/blk-core.c
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block/blk-core.c
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block/blk-map.c
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block/blk-sysfs.c
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block/blk-settings.c
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block/blk-flush.c
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block/blk-lib.c
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block/blk-integrity.c
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kernel/trace/blktrace.c
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block/genhd.c
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block/genhd.c
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字符设备
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========
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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fs/char_dev.c
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时钟框架
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========
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时钟框架定义了编程接口，以支持系统时钟树的软件管理。该框架广泛用于系统级芯片（SOC）平
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台，以支持电源管理和各种可能需要自定义时钟速率的设备。请注意，这些 “时钟”与计时或实
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时时钟(RTC)无关，它们都有单独的框架。这些:c:type: `struct clk <clk>` 实例可用于管理
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各种时钟信号，例如一个96理例如96MHz的时钟信号，该信号可被用于总线或外设的数据交换，或以
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其他方式触发系统硬件中的同步状态机转换。
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通过明确的软件时钟门控来支持电源管理：未使用的时钟被禁用，因此系统不会因为改变不在使用
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中的晶体管的状态而浪费电源。在某些系统中，这可能是由硬件时钟门控支持的，其中时钟被门控
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而不在软件中被禁用。芯片的部分，在供电但没有时钟的情况下，可能会保留其最后的状态。这种
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低功耗状态通常被称为*保留模式*。这种模式仍然会产生漏电流，特别是在电路几何结构较细的情
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况下，但对于CMOS电路来说，电能主要是随着时钟翻转而被消耗的。
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电源感知驱动程序只有在其管理的设备处于活动使用状态时才会启用时钟。此外，系统睡眠状态通
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常根据哪些时钟域处于活动状态而有所不同：“待机”状态可能允许从多个活动域中唤醒，而
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"mem"（暂停到RAM）状态可能需要更全面地关闭来自高速PLL和振荡器的时钟，从而限制了可能
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的唤醒事件源的数量。驱动器的暂停方法可能需要注意目标睡眠状态的系统特定时钟约束。
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一些平台支持可编程时钟发生器。这些可以被各种外部芯片使用，如其他CPU、多媒体编解码器以
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及对接口时钟有严格要求的设备。
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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include/linux/clk.h
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同步原语
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========
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读-复制-更新（RCU）
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-------------------
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该API在以下内核代码中:
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include/linux/rcupdate.h
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kernel/rcu/tree.c
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kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h
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kernel/rcu/update.c
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include/linux/srcu.h
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kernel/rcu/srcutree.c
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include/linux/rculist_bl.h
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include/linux/rculist.h
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include/linux/rculist_nulls.h
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include/linux/rcu_sync.h
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kernel/rcu/sync.c
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